About Dr. Claude Hughes

Dr. Claude Hughes is the Executive Director of the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Unit for Quintiles, Inc and also holds an Adjunct Professor position with North Carolina State University. Dr. Hughes received his medical degree from Duke University School of Medicine, and completed his residency and fellowship in Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility as well as a Ph.D. in Anatomy also from Duke. Dr. Hughes is Board Certified in Obstetrics & Gynecology as well as Reproductive Endocrinology. Dr. Hughes is also a member of numerous professional societies including the Endocrine Society, American Academy of Pharmaceutical Physicians and Investigators, Society of Toxicology, American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Society for the Study of Reproduction, and North American Menopause Society. He is currently working on a Toxicology book with our team.  He has authored approximately 200 publications including primary research articles, reviews, commentaries, books and book chapters including those listed below.

Publications:

Refereed journals:

  1. Hughes CL. Natural selection in the evolution of morality. Phi Kappa Phi J 1974;54:40-46.
  1. Smith AM, Hughes CL. The effects of N,N-2-dichloroethylaniline (“Aniline Mustard”) on the murine immune system.  J Ret Soc 1974; 16:27-36.
  1. Welch RM, Hughes CL, DeAngelis RL. Effects of 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment on the bioavailability of phenacetin in the rat.  Drug Metab Disposition 1976; 4:402-406.
  1. Hughes CL, Henderson DC. Induction of avian immunological responsiveness following cloacal drinking of immunogen. Immun Comm 1977; 6:195-206
  1. Soules MR, Hughes CL, Garcia JA, Livengood CH, Prystowsky MR, Alexander E. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: Role of human chorionic gonadotropin and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. Obstet Gynecol 1980; 55:696-700.
  1. Soules MR, Hughes CL, Aksel S. Tyrey L, Hammond CB. The function of the corpus luteum of pregnancy in ovulatory dysfunction and luteal phase deficiency. Fertil Steril 1981; 36:31-36.
  1. Hughes CL, Everett JW, Tyrey L. Delta-9-tetrahydrocanabinol suppression of prolactin secretion in the rat: Lack of direct pituitary effect. Endocrinology 1981; 109:876-880.
  1. Hughes CL, Tyrey L. Effects of (-)trans-delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol on serum prolactin in the pseudopregnant rat. Endocrine Res Comm 1982; 9:25-36.
  1. Haney AF, Hughes SF, Hughes CL. Screening of potential reproductive toxicants by use of porcine granulosa cell cultures.  Toxicology 1984; 30:227-241.
  1. Haney AF, Hughes CL, Whitesides DB, Dodson WC. Treatment-independent, treatment associated, and pregnancies after additional therapy in a program of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.  Fertil Steril 1987; 47:634-638.
  1. Dodson WC, Hughes CL, Whitesides DB, Haney AF. The effect of leuprolide acetate on ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropins in polycystic ovary syndrome.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987; 65:95-100.
  1. Dodson WC, Whitesides DB, Hughes CL, Easley HA, Haney AF. Superovulation with intrauterine insemination in the treatment of infertility: A possible alternative to gamete intrafallopian transfer and in vitro fertilization.  Fertil Steril 1987; 48:441-445.
  1. Hughes CL, Fleming R, Coutts JRT, Macnaughton MC. Pulsatile hormone secretion Late in the luteal phase of normal and infertile women during diurnal hours.  Adv Exp Med Biol 1987; 219:629-634. [Mahesh VB, Dhindsa DS, Anderson E, Kalra SP, eds.  Regulation of ovarian and testicular function.  New York: Plenum Press, 1987.]
  1. Hughes CL. Effects of phytoestrogens on GnRH-induced luteinizing hormone secretion in ovariectomized rats. Reprod Toxicol 1987/88; 1:179-181.
  1. Hughes, CL. Phytochemical mimicry of reproductive hormones and modulation of herbivore fertility by phytoestrogens.  Environ Health Perspect 1988; 78:171-175.
  1. Dodson WC, Hughes CL, Haney AF. Multiple pregnancies conceived with intrauterine insemination during superovulation: An evaluation of clinical characteristics and monitored parameters of conception cycles.  Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 159:382-385.
  1. Haney AF, Hughes SF, Hughes CL. Effects of acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on progesterone production by porcine granulosa cells in vitro.  Reprod Toxicol 1988; 2:285-291.
  1. Dodson WC, Hughes CL, Yancy SE, Haney AF. Clinical characteristics of ovulation Induction with human menopausal gonadotropins with and without leuprolide acetate in polycystic ovary syndrome.  Fertil Steril 1989; 52:915-918.
  1. Haney AF, Hughes SF, Hughes CL. Synthetic estrogens suppress granulosa cell progesterone production in vitro.  Reprod Toxicol 1990; 4:3-10.
  1. Hughes SF, Haney AF, Hughes CL. Use of human cumulus granuloma cells for in vitro screening of reproductive toxicants.  Reprod Toxicol 1990; 4:11-15.
  1. Hughes CL, Dodson WC, Walmer DK, Dixon SB. Utility of fluoroimmunoassay in detecting luteinizing hormone surges in spontaneous and human menopausal gonadotropin-stimulated menstrual cycles.  J Reprod Med 1990; 35:211-213.
  1. Bachus KE, Hughes CL, Haney AF, Dodson WC. The luteal phase in polycystic ovary syndrome during ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropin with and without leuprolide acetate.  Fertil Steril 1990; 54:27-31.
  1. Mattison DR, Working PK, Blazak WF, Hughes CL, Killinger JM, Olive DL, Rao KS. Criteria for identifying and listing substances known to cause reproductive toxicity under California’s Proposition 65.  Reprod Toxicol 1990; 4:163-175.
  1. Hughes CL, Izard MK, Morris MA, Hatchell DL. Diabetes mellitus not associated with late pregnancy wastage in prosimian primates.  Adv Contracept Delivery Systems 1990; 6:245-249.
  1. Hughes CL, Wall LL, Creasman WT. Reproductive hormone levels in gynecologic oncology patients undergoing surgical castration after spontaneous menopause. Gynecol Oncol 1991; 40:42-45.
  1. Hughes CL, Kaldas RS, Weisinger AS, McCants CE, Basham KB. Acute and subacute effects of naturally occurring estrogens on luteinizing hormone secretion in the ovariectomized rat: Part I. Reprod Toxicol 1991; 5:127-132.
  1. Hughes CL, Chakinala MD, Reese SG, Miller RN, Schomberg DW, Basham KB. Acute and subacute effects of naturally occurring estrogens on luteinizing hormone secretion in the ovariectomized rat: Part II.  Reprod Toxicol 1991; 5:133-137.
  1. Stout AL, Steege JF, Dodson WC, Hughes CL. Relationship of laparoscopic findings to self-report of pelvic pain. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991; 164:73-79.
  1. Faber KA, Basham K, Hughes CL. The effect of neonatal exposure to DES and o,p- DDT on pituitary responsiveness to GnRH in adult castrated rats.  Reprod Toxicol 1991; 5:363-369.
  1. Dodson WC, Walmer DK, Hughes CL, Yancy SE, Haney AF. Adjunctive leuprolide therapy does not improve cycle fecundity in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination of subfertile women.  Obstet Gynecol 1991; 78:187-190.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. The effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, genistein, and zearalenone on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat.  Biol Reprod 1991; 45:649-653.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. Anogenital distance at birth as a predictor of volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and pituitary responsiveness in castrated adult rats.  Biol Reprod 1992; 46:101-104.
  1. Walmer DK, Wrona MA, Hughes CL, Nelson KG. Lactoferrin expression in the mouse reproductive tract during the natural estrous cycle: Correlation with circulating estradiol and progesterone.  Endocrinology 1992; 131:1458-1466.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. Dose-response characteristics of neonatal exposure to genistein on pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin releasing hormone and volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) in postpubertal castrated female rats.  Reprod Toxicol 1993; 7:35-39.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. Effect of neonatal diethylstilbestrol exposure on luteinizing hormone secretion following ketamine anesthesia and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in castrated postpubertal rats.  Biol Reprod 1993; 48:828-832.
  1. Faber KA, Ayyash L, Dixon S, Hughes CL. Effect of neonatal diethylstilbestrol exposure on volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in female rats of known anogenital distance at birth.  Biol Reprod 1993; 48:947-951.
  1. Grosskinsky CM, Hage ML, Tyrey L, Christakos AC, Hughes CL. hCG, progesterone, alphafetoprotein, and estradiol in the identification of ectopic pregnancy.  Obstet Gynecol 1993; 81: 705-709.
  1. Dodson WC, Olive DL, Hughes CL, Haney AF. The prognostic value of serum concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, and luteinizing hormone during superovulation with and without adjunctive leuprolide therapy.  Fertil Steril 1993; 59:1174-1178.
  1. Rodriquez GC, Hughes CL, Soper JT, Berchuck A, Tyrey L, Synan I, Dodge R, Clarke- Pearson DL, Hammond CB. The utility of serum progesterone for the exclusion of early pregnancy in patients at risk for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.  Obstet Gynecol 1994; 85:794-797.
  1. Cooper GS, Hulka BS, Baird DD, Savitz DA, Hughes CL, Weinberg CR, Coleman PA, Shields JM.  Galactose consumption, metabolism, and gonadotropin levels in women of late reproductive age.  Fertil Steril 1994; 62:1168-1175.
  1. Register B, Bethel MA, Thompson N, Blohm P, Ayyash L, Walmer D, Hughes C. The effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, coumestrol, and beta-sitosterol on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat.  Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1995; 208:72-77.
  1. Levy JR, Faber KA, Ayyash L, Hughes CL. The effect of prenatal exposure to the Phytoestrogen genistein on markers of sexual differentiation in rats.  Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1995; 208:60-66.
  1. Cooper GS, Baird DD, Hulka BS, Weinberg CR, Savitz DA, Hughes CL Jr. FSH concentrations in relation to active and passive smoking. Obstet Gynecol 1995; 85:407-411.
  1. Moore JA, Daston GP, Faustman E, Golub MS, Hart WL, Hughes C Jr, Kimmel CA, Lamb JC, Schwetz BA, Scialli AR. An evaluative process for assessing human reproductive and developmental toxicity of agents.  Reprod Toxicol 1995; 9:61-95.
  1. Moore JA, and IEHR Expert Scientific Committee (Hughes CL Jr., member). An assessment of lithium using the IEHR evaluative process for assessing human developmental and reproductive toxicity of agents.  Reprod Toxicol 1995; 9:175-210.
  1. Baird DD, Umbach DM, Lansdell L, Hughes CL, Setchell KDR, Weinberg CR, Haney AF, Wilcox AJ, McLachlan JA.  Dietary intervention study to assess estrogenicity of dietary soy among postmenopausal women.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:1685-1690.
  1. Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Hughes CL Jr, Morgan TM, Burke GL. Soybean isoflavones improve cardiovascular risk factors without affecting the reproductive system of peripubertal rhesus monkeys.  J Nutr 1996; 126:43-50.
  1. Agarwal SK, Ayyash L, Levy J, Gourley S, Faber K, Hughes CL Jr. Evaluation of the developmental neuroendocrine reproductive toxicology of aluminium.  Food Chem Toxicol 1996; 34:49-53.
  1. Schildkraut JM, Schwingl PJ, Bastos E, Evanoff A, Hughes C. Epithelial ovarian cancer risk among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 1996; 88:554-559.
  1. Moore JA and the Expert Scientific Committee (CL Hughes, member). An assessment of boric acid and borax using the IEHR evaluative process for assessing human developmental and reproductive toxicity of agents.  Reprod Toxicol 1997; 11:123-160.
  1. Tansey G, Hughes CL, Cline JM, Krummer A, Walmer DK, Schmotzer S. Effects of dietary soybean estrogens on the reproductive tract in female rats. Proc Soc Expl Biol Med 1998:217:340-344.
  1. Richardson BE, Hulka BS, David JL, Hughes CL, van den Berg BJ, Christianson RE, Calvin JA. Levels of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in pregnant women and subsequent breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 1998; 148:719-731.
  1. Rodriguez GC, Walmer D, Cline M, Krigman H, Lessey BA, Whitaker R, Dodge R, Hughes CL. The effect of contraceptive progestins on the ovarian epithelium: cancer prevention through apoptosis? JSGI 1998; 5:271-276.
  1. Schildkraut JM, Demark-Wahnefried W, DeVoto E, Hughes C, Laseter JL, Newman B. Environmental Contaminants and Body Fat Distribution. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prevent 1999; 8:179-83.
  1. Ben-Jonathan N, Cooper R, Foster P, Hughes C, Hoyer P, Klotz D, Kohn M, Lamb D, Stancel G. An Approach to the Development of Quantitative Models to Assess the Effects of Exposure to Environmentally Relevant Levels of Endocrine Disruptors on Homeostasis in Adults. Environ Health Perspect 1999; 107 (suppl 4):605-611.
  1. Hughes C, Sakiewicz L, Sakiewicz T. Observations on Late Winter Breeding and Mid-Summer Lambing Performance of Purebred Barbados Blackbelly Sheep in the U.S. Upper South. The Shepherd 2000; 45: 34-36.
  1. Pryor J, Hughes C, Foster W, Hales B, Robaire B. Critical Windows of Exposure for Children’s Health: The Reproductive System in Animals and Humans. Environ Health Perspect 2000; 108 (Suppl. 3): 491-503.
  1. Lemasters G, Perreault S, Hales B, Hatch M, Hirshfield A, Hughes C, Kimmel G, Lamb J, Pryor J, Rubin C, Seed J. Workshop to Identify Critical Windows of Exposure for Children’s Health: Reproductive Health in Children and Adolescents Work Group Summary. Environ Health Perspect 2000; 108 (Suppl. 3): 505-509.
  1. Jayo MJ, Register TC, Hughes CL, Blas-Machado U, Sulistiawati E, Borgerink H, Johnson CS. Effects of an Oral Contraceptive Combination With or Without Androgen on Mammary Tissues: A Study in Rats. Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation 2000; 7:257-265.
  1. Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Hughes C. Detection of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Samples of Trimester Human Amniotic Fluid. JCEM 2000; 85: 2954-2957.
  1. Revis E, Hughes C. Phytoestrogens and Women’s Health: How Should We Advise Our Patients? Menopause Management 2000; 9:12-21.
  1. Hughes C, Hughes M, Hughes P. Further Observations on the Breeding Performance of Purebred Barbados Blackbelly Sheep in North Carolina: Mid-Summer Breeding and Early Winter Lambing. The Shepherd 2001; 46: 32-33.
  1. Liu G, Guo H, Huang R, Wang L, Hughes C. Ovarian Toxicity of Galactose to Egg-laying Quails and the Preventive Effects of Taurine. Jiangsu Journal of Agriculture Sciences. 2001; 17: 44-48.
  1. Hale GE, Hughes CL, Robboy SJ, Agarwal S, Bievre M. A Double Blind Randomized Study on the Effects of Red Clover Isoflavones on the Endometrium. Menopause 2001; 8(5): 338-346.
  1. Hughes C, Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Thompson S, Hubbard S, DuBose A, Tyrey L Extrapolation of Rodent Studies on Amniotic Fluid Contaminants to Human Populations. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 2001; 7(5): 979-1002.
  1. Rodriguez GC, Nagarsheth NP, Bentley RC, Walmer DK, Cline M, Whitaker RS, Isner P, Berchuck A, Dodge RK, Hughes CL, Progestin-Induced Apoptosis in the Macaque Ovarian Epithelium: Differential Regulation of Transforming Growth Factor-beta. J. Natl Cancer Inst 2002; 94(1): 50-60.
  1. Wade MG, Foster WG, Younglai EV, McMahon A, Leingartner K, Yagaminas A, Blakey D, Fournier M, Desaulniers D, Hughes CL. Effects of Subchronic Exposure to a Complex Mixture of Persistent Contaminants in Male Rats: Systemic, Immune and Reproductive Effects. Toxicological Sciences 2002; 67:131-143.
  1. Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Hughes C. Detection of Phytoestrogens in Samples of Second Trimester Human Amniotic Fluid. Toxicol Lett 2002; 129:199-205
  1. Jordan P, Geoghegan R, Gun S, Nicosia J, Hughes C. Industry Intelligence: Using Claims-Based Analyses to Identify New Product Markets. Product Management Today 2002; May: 20-21.
  1. Wade MG, Parent S, Finnson KW, Foster W, Younglai E, McMahon A, Cyr DG, Hughes CL. Thyriod Toxicity Due to Subchronic Exposure to a Complex Mixture of 16 Organochlorines, Lead and Cadmium. Toxicological Sciences 2002; 67:207-218.
  1. Hughes CL, Dhiman TR. Dietary Compounds in Relation to Dietary Diversity and Human Health. Journal of Medicinal Food 2002; 5(2): 51-68.
  1. Foster WG, Hughes CL, Chan S, Platt L. Human Developmental Exposure to Endocrine Active Compounds. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2002; 12(2): 75-81.
  1. Messina M, Hughes C. The Efficacy of Soyfoods and Soybean Isoflavone Supplements for Alleviating Menopausal Symptoms Is Positively Related to Initial Hot Flush Frequency. Journal of Medicinal Food 2003; 6(1):1-11.
  1. Liu G, Hughes C, Mathur R, Foster W, Davis V, Magoffin D. Metabolic Effects of Dietary Lactose in Adult Female Rats. Reprod Nutr Dev 2003; 43:567-576.
  1. Hughes C, Liu G, Beall S, Foster W, Davis V. Effects of Genistein or Soy Milk During Late Gestation and Lactation on Adult Uterine Organization in the Rat. Exp Biol Med 2004; 229:108-117.
  1. Foster WG, Younglai EV, Boutross-Tadross O, Hughes CL, Wade MG. Mammary Gland Morphology in Sprague Dawley Rats Following Treatment with an Organochlorine Mixture in Utero and Neonatal Genistein. Toxicological Sciences 2004; 77:91-100.
  1. Liu G, Shi F, Blas-Machado U, Duong Q, Shi F, Davis V, Foster W, Hughes C. Ovarian Effects of a High Lactose Diet in the Female Rat. Reprod Nutr Dev 2005; 45:185-192.
  1. Foster W, Holloway A, Hughes C. Dioxin-like Activity and Maternal Thyroid Hormone Levels in Second Trimester Maternal Serum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005; 193:1900-1907.
  1. Liu G, Shi F, Blas-Machado U, Yu R, Davis V, Foster W, Magoffin D, Hughes C. Dietary Galactose Inhibits GDF-9 Mediated Follicular Development in the Rat Ovary. Reprod Toxicol 2006; 21:26-33.
  1. Huang R, Shi F, Lei T, Song Y, Hughes C, Liu G. Effect of the Isoflavone Genistein Against Galactose-Induced Cataracts in Rats. Exp. Biol. Med. 2006; 232:118-125.
  1. Liebelt E, Balk S, Faber W, Fisher J, Hughes C, Lanzkron S, Lewis K, Marchetti F, Mehendale H, Rogers J, Shad A, Skalko R, Stanek E. Expert Panel Report: NTP-CERHR Expert Panel Report on the Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Hydroxyurea.  Birth Defects Research (Part B) 2007; 80:259-366.
  1. Hale G, Zhao X, Hughes C, Burger H, Robertson D, Fraser I. Endocrine Features of Menstrual Cycles in Middle and Late Reproductive Age and the Menopausal Transition Classified According to the Staging of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) Staging System. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:3060-3067.
  1. Robertson D, Hale G, Fraser I, Hughes C, Burger H. A proposed classification system for menstrual cycles in the menopause transition based on changes in serum hormone profiles. Menopause 2008; 15(6):1139-1144.
  1. Davis VL, Jayo MJ, Ho A, Kotlarczyk MP, Hardy ML, Foster WG, Hughes CL. Black Cohosh Increases Metastatic Mammary Cancer in Transgenic Mice Expressing c-erbB2. Cancer Res 2008; 68(20):8377-8383.
  1. Hale G, Hughes C, Burger H, Robertson D, Fraser I. Atypical Estradiol Secretion and Ovulation Patterns Caused by Luteal Out-of-Phase (“LOOP”) Events Underlying Irregular Ovulatory Menstrual Cycles in the Menopause Transition. Menopause 2009; 16(1):50-59.
  1. Robertson DM, Hale GE, Jolley D, Fraser IS, Hughes CL, Burger HG. Interrelationships Between Ovarian and Pituitary Hormones in Ovulatory Menstrual Cycles Across Reproductive Age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94(1):138-144.
  1. Huang RH, Qiua XS, Shia FX, Hughes CL, Lua ZF, Zhua WY. Effects of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets and reduction in attractiveness of faeces to flies. Animal 2011; 5(02):304-311.
  1. Robertson DM, Hale GE, Fraser IS, Hughes CL, Burger HG. Changes in serum antimullerian hormone levels across the ovulatory menstrual cycle in late reproductive age. Menopause 2011; 18(5):521-524.
  1. Zeng Y, Hughes C, Lewis M, Li J, Zhang F. Interactions Between Life Stress Factors and Carrying the APOE4 Allele Adversely Impact Self-reported Health in Old Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2011; 66A (10):1054-1061.
  1. Johnson N, Ho A, Cline M, Hughes C, Foster W, Davis V. Accelerated Mammary Tumor Onset in a HER2/neu Mouse Model Exposed to DDT Metabolites Locally Delivered to the Mammary Gland. Environ Health Perspect 2012; 120:1170–1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104327.
  1. Davis V, Shaikh F, Gallagher K, Villegas M, Rea S, Cline M, Hughes C. 2012. Inhibition of Neu-induced Mammary Carcinogenesis in Transgenic Mice Expressing ERΔ3, a Dominant Negative Estrogen Receptor α Variant. Hormones and Cancer 2012; 3:227–239 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-012-0122-x.
  1. Li YS, Zhu NH, Niu PP, Shi FX, Hughes CL, Tian GX, Huang RH. Effects of Dietary Chromium Methionine on Growth Performance, Carcass Composition, Meat Colour and Expression of the Colour-related Gene Myoglobin of Growing-finishing Pigs. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 2013; 26 (7): 1021-1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13012.
  1. Hughes C, Waters M, Allen D, Obasanjo I. Translational Toxicology: A Developmental Focus for Integrated Research Strategies. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 14(1):51. doi: 10.1186/2050-6511-14-51.
  1. Hendrix AO, Hughes CL, Selgrade JF. Modeling endocrine control of the pituitary-ovarian axis: Androgenic influence and chaotic dynamics. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 2013; doi: 10.1007/s11538-013-9913-7; published online NOV 22, 2013; 21 pages.

Non-refereed Publications:

  1. Hughes CL. Environmental Endocrine Disruption and Human Health: What Do Dietary Phytochemical Hormonal Mimics Demonstrate? Lecture Summaries of the Issues of The Environment Series, “Perspectives on Environmental Endocrine Disruption”, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 09/19/97, 8 pages.
  1. Hughes CL. Endocrine modulation in humans from dietary exposures:  the issues.  Proceedings Volume from the International Life Sciences Institute North America Conference on Human Diet and Endocrine Modulation:  Estrogenic and Androgenic Effects; Fairfax, Virginia; November 19, 1997.
  1. Hughes C. et al. Human Diet and Endocrine Modulation: Estrogenic and Androgenic Effects.  Panel Discussion from the International Life Sciences Institute North America Conference; Hyatt Fair Lakes, Fairfax, Virginia; November 19-21, 1997.
  1. Hughes, CL. Phytoestrogens: Realities and Myths. Lecture Synopsis for the 76th Annual Fall Clinical Conference of the Kansas City Southwest Clinical Society October 22, 1998 (2 pages).
  1. Hughes CL. SERMs and Phytoestrogens: Use in Clinical Practice. Course entitled “Revolution or Retreat: Women’s Healthcare in the Next Millennium”, Directed by Sarah L. Berga, M.D., February 4 -7, 1999, San Juan, PR. Course summary booklet pages 29-34 and Conference Proceedings; Lecture Text, pages 51 – 55 and Discussion, pages 63 – 68.
  1. Hughes CL. Hormone Replacement Therapy with “Natural “ Products. Clinical Endocrinology Update; 1999 Syllabus, pp. 33-43. The Endocrine Society. Los Angeles, CA, Oct. 17-20, 1999.
  1. Hughes C, Sakiewicz L, Sakiewicz T. Barbados Blackbelly Sheep Do Well in North Carolina. The American Livestock Breeds Conservancy News. Vol. 17, Issue 5, Sept.-Oct. 2000, pp.2-3.
  1. Hughes C. Menstrual Cramps in Teenagers. Health & Healing in the Triangle 2001;4(4):13.
  1. Hughes C. Isoflavones and Women’s Health: Two New Studies. Health & Healing in the Triangle 2001;4(5):13.
  1. Hughes C. The “Meat and Potatoes Man” Then and Now: Part I. Health & Healing in the Triangle 2001;4(6): 15.
  1. Hughes C. The “Meat and Potatoes Man” Then and Now: Part II. Health & Healing in the Triangle 2001;5(1): 10-11.
  1. Hughes C. A “Tarheel” in Glasgow. Glasgow Academical Rugby Football Club 2002 North Carolina Tour Programme, 2002: pg. 7.

Chapters in Books:

  1. Sehgal PP, Calhoun WT, Hughes CL, Vicars TM. Kinetin and chlorophyll production. In: Plant growth substances 1973: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Plant Growth Substances.  Tokyo, Japan: Hirokawa Publishing Company Inc., 1974:1014-1021. [peer-reviewed]
  1. Tyrey L, Hughes CL. Inhibition of suckling-induced prolactin secretion by delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol. In: Agurell S, Dewey WL, Willette RE, eds. The cannabinoids: Chemical, pharmacologic and therapeutic aspects.  Orlando, FL: Academic Press Inc., 1984:487-495. [peer-reviewed]
  1. Hughes CL, Everett JW, Tyrey L. Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on serum prolactin in female rats bearing CNS lesions: Implications for site of drug action. In: Agurell S, Dewey WL, Willette RE, eds.  The cannabinoids: Chemical, pharmacologic and therapeutic aspects. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc., 1984: 497-519. [peer-reviewed]
  1. Soper JT, Hughes CL, Clarke-Pearson DL. Gynecologic surgery.  In: Liechty RD, Soper RT, eds. Fundamentals of surgery, 6th edition.  St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby Co., 1989:500-527.
  1. List ND, Hughes CL, Petrow V, Walther PJ. Age factors in management of prostate Cancer.  In: Yancik R, Yates JW, eds.  Cancer in the elderly.  New York: Springer Publishing Co., 1989:204-223.
  1. Hughes CL, Hammond CB.   In: Scott JR, DiSaia PJ, Hammond CB, Spellacy WN, eds.  Danforth’s obstetrics and gynecology.  New York: J.P. Lippincott Co., 1990:807-820.
  1. Hughes CL.   In: Olsen E, ed.  Disorders of Hair Growth.  1st Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994:337-351.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. Clinical aspects of reproductive toxicology. In: Witorsch RJ, ed. Reproductive toxicology, 2nd ed.  New York: Raven Press, 1995:217-240.
  1. Hughes CL. Dietary phytochemicals as endocrine disruptors.  In: Guttry P, ed.  Endocrine disruptors: Advances in measuring and analyzing their effects.  Southborough, MA. International Business Communications, Inc., 1997:3.1-3.15.
  1. Obasanjo I0, Hughes CL. Biology of reproduction and methods in assessing Reproductive and developmental toxicity in humans.  In: Massaro EJ, ed. Handbook of Human Toxicology, CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, 1997:927- 959.
  1. Hughes CL, Cooper GS. Environmental influences on ovarian aging. In: Lobo RA, ed.,  Perimenopause.  Norwell, MA: Serono Symposia, Inc. 1997:87-100.
  1. Hughes CL, Cline JM, Williams JK, Anthony MA, Wagner JD, Clarkson TB. Dietary soy phytoestrogens and the health of menopausal women: Overview and evidence of cardioprotection from studies in nonhuman primates. In: Wren, Barry, ed. Progress in the Management of the Menopause. New York: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 1997:30-39.
  1. Cline JM, Hughes CL, Jr. Phytochemicals for the prevention of breast and endometrial cancer. In: Foon KA, Muss HB, eds.  Biological and Hormonal Therapies of Cancer.  Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998:107-134.
  1. Hughes CL Jr., Tansey Ginger. Phytoestrogens and reproductive medicine.  In: Korach, Kenneth, ed. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998:277-298.
  1. Hughes CL, Walmer D, Cline JM, Davis VL, Foth D. Effekte vonSojaisoflavonen (Phytoestrogenen) auf das Endometrium.  In:  Th. Romer, Herausgegeben von and Mueck, A.O., eds. Endometrium und Hormonsubstitution.  New York: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1998:93-94.
  1. Hughes CL. Endocrine Modulation in Humans from Dietary Exposures: The Issues.  In: Dunaif, George; Olin, Stephen; Scimeca, Joseph and Thomas, John, eds.  Human Diet and Endocrine Modulation.  Washington, DC: ILSI Press; 1998:20-36.
  1. Bolger PM, Bolt HM, Fenner-Crisp PA, Hughes CL, Lamb JC, Rhomberg LR, Waddell WJ. Panel Discussion. In: Dunaif, George; Olin, Stephen; Scimeca, Joseph and Thomas, John, eds. Human Diet and Endocrine Modulation. Washington, DC: ILSI Press; 1998:243-254.
  1. Pereira ME, Strohecker R, Cavigelli S, Hughes C, Pearson D. Metabolic Strategy and Social Behavior in Lemuridae. In: Berthe Rakotosamimanana, ed., et al; New Directions in Lemur Studies. 1999: 93-118. [peer-reviewed]
  1. Hughes CL, Mathur R, Geller D. Environmental Factors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Are There Plausible Cause-and-Effect Hypotheses? in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome,  RJ Chang, JJ Heindel,  A Dunaif, eds. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. Chapter 21, pages 287-306, 2002.
  1. Agarwal SK, Hughes CL. Hirsutism. In: Olsen E, ed. Disorders of Hair Growth. 2st Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 2003:431-452.
  1. Gannon A, Sadeu JC, Agarwal SK, Hughes CL, Foster WG. Cigarette Smoking and Ovarian Function. Chapter 10 (pages 229-248) in Ovarian Toxicology (Second Edition), Patricia B. Hoyer, Editor. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, September 25, 2013; 387 pages. ISBN: 978-1-46-650406-6 http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9781466504066/

 

Books:

  1. Rotary Fellowship Thesis: Uptake of Foreign Materials by the Bursa of Fabricius and the Effects on Avian Immune Responsiveness, University of Glasgow, 1975, 75 pages.
  1. Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation: The Effects of (-)Trans-delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Upon Prolactin Release in the Female Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) and the Interactions of THC with the Prolactin Regulatory Elements of the Central Nervous System, Duke University, 1981, 179 pages.
  1. Kimmel, CA, Buck GM, Feuston MH, Foster PMD, Friedman JM, Holson JF, Hughes CL, Moore JA, Schwetz BA, Scialli AR, Scott WJ, Vorhees CV, Zirkin BR. Evaluating Chemical and Other Agent Exposures for Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity. Report of the Subcommittee on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, Committee on Toxicology, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC. National Academy Press, 2001, 235 pages.

Published Scientific Reviews:

  1. Metzger DA, Hughes CL. Applications of hormone receptors in obstetrics and Gynecology.  Adolescent Pediatr Gynecol 1988; 1:221-229.
  1. Hughes CL. Monitoring of ovulation in the assessment of reproductive hazards in the Workplace. Reprod Toxicol 1988; 2:163-169.
  1. Kaldas RS, Hughes CL. Reproductive and general metabolic effects of phytoestrogens In mammals.  Reprod Toxicol 1989; 3:81-89.
  1. Hughes CL. Ovine Origins: How the Prehistory of Domestic Sheep Might Influence Future Sheep Production in the Southeastern U.S. Southeastern Sheepman 1989; June: 4-6.
  1. Field B, Selub M, Hughes CL. Reproductive effects of environmental agents. Semin Reprod Endocrinol 1990; 8:44-54.
  1. Faber K, Hughes CL. Laboratory evaluation of hyperandrogenic conditions. Infertil Reprod Med Clin North Am 1991; 2:495-509.
  1. Hughes CL. Plant sterols: Are they mammalian reproductive hormones? Infertil Reprod Med Clin North Am 1992; 3:285-291.
  1. Hughes CL. Dioxin and its effects on reproductive systems.  PSRQ 1993; 3:112-115.
  1. Clarkson T, Anthony M, Hughes C. Estrogenic soybean isoflavones and chronic Disease: risks and benefits.  Trends Endocrinol Metab 1995; 6:11-16.
  1. Clarkson TB, Hughes CL, Klein KP. The nonhuman primate model of the relationship between gonadal steroids and coronary heart disease.  Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1995; 38:189-198.
  2. Chapin RE, Stevens JT, Hughes CL, Kelee WR, Hess RA, Daston GP. Symposium over-view: Endocrine modulation of reproduction.  Fundament Appl Toxicol 1996; 29:1-17.
  3. Hale G, Bievre M, Hughes C. Exploring the Role of Progestins and Phytoestrogens in Menopause. Integrative Medicine 2000; 2:133-141.
  1. Liu G, Hale GE, Hughes CL. Galactose Metabolism and Ovarian Toxicity. Reprod Toxicol 2000; 14: 377-384.
  1. Hughes CL, Foster WG. Some Potential Health Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Across the Lifespan of Adult Women. Menopausal Medicine 2001; 9(2):7-12.
  1. Hale G, Hughes C, Cline JM. Endometrial Cancer: Hormonal Factors, the Perimenopauseal “Window of Risk” and Isoflavones. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87(1):3-15.
  1. Gray GM, Cohen JT, Cunha G, Hughes C, McConnell EE, Rhomberg L, Sipes IG, Mattison D. Weight of the evidence evaluation of low-dose reproductive and developmental effects of bisphenol A. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 2004; 10(5):875-921.
  1. Sadeu JC, Hughes CL, Agarwal SK, Foster WG. Alcohol, Drugs, Caffeine, Tobacco, and Environmental Contaminant Exposure: Reproductive Health Consequences and Clinical Implications. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 2010; 40(7):633-652.
  1. Hughes C, Waters M, Obasanjo I, Allen D. Translational Developmental Toxicology: Prospects for Protective Therapeutic Obstetrical and Neonatal Interventions. J Neonatal Biol 2013, 2:122. doi: 10.4172/2167-0897.1000122.

Published Abstracts:

  1. Sehgal PP, Hughes CL, Pugh BE, Vicars TM. Chlorophyll production and retention in Mustard seedlings.  ASB Bull 1971;18:55.
  1. Sehgal PP, Hughes CL, Vicars TM. Chlorophyll production in mustard seedlings.  ASB Bull 1972;19:98.
  1. Hughes CL, Vicars TM, Sehgal PP. Kinetin-nitrogen source interactions and chlorophyll production in mustard seedlings.  J Elisha Mitchell Sci Soc 1972;88:187-188.
  1. Smith AM, Hughes CL. The Effects of N,N-2-dichloroethylaniline (“Aniline Mustard”, CB-1074) on the murine immune system. J Reticuloendothel Soc 1974;15:Suppl 64a.
  1. Hughes CL, Tyrey L, Everett JW. Serum prolactin levels in rats bearing pituitary Autografts following administration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.  Proc 61st Annual Meeting Endocrine Soc 1979:288.
  1. Hughes CL, Alexander E, Everett JW, Tyrey L. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) suppresses serum PRL in the female rat by CNS action beyond the level of the medio-basal hypothalamus (MBH). Proc 62nd Annual Meeting Endocrine Soc 1980:251.
  1. Hughes CL, Everett JW, Tyrey L. Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on serum PRL in female rats previously subjected to rostral hypothalamic or limbic system lesions. Proc 63rd Annual Meeting Endocrine Soc 1981:287.
  1. Hughes CL. The effects of (-)trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) upon prolactin Release in the female rat (Rattus Norwegicus) and the interactions of THC with the prolactin regulatory elements of the central nervous system.  Dissert Abstr Int 1981;42:1266B.
  1. Hughes CL, Everett JW, Tyrey L. Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on serum Prolactin in female rats bearing CNS lesions: Implications for site(s) of drug action. Cannabinoids, Louisville, KY 1982;82:# 64.
  1. Tyrey L, Hughes CL. Inhibition of  suckling-induced  prolactin secretion by tetrahydrocannabinol. Cannabinoids, Louisville, KY, 1982;82:# 60.
  1. Hughes CL, Fleming R, Coutts JRT, Macnaughton MC. Pulsatile hormone secretion Late in the luteal phase of normal and infertile women during diurnal hours.  Workshop on Regulation of Ovarian and Testicular Function, Augusta, GA, Feb 7-9, 1987;45.
  1. Haney AF, Hughes CL, Whitesides DB, Dodson WC. Treatment-independent, treatment associated and pregnancies after additional therapy in a program of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET).  Scientific Program and Abstracts, 34th Annual Meeting, Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Atlanta, GA, 1987;#299P.
  1. Field E, Hughes C, Kuhn C. Chronic naltrexone prolongs corpus luteum function in Cycling rats. Brain Opioid Systems in Reproduction, Cambridge, U.K., September 6-9, 1987;C16.
  1. Dodson W, Hughes CL, Haney AF. Ovulation induction with leuprolide and human Menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) in. women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO).  Scientific Program and Abstracts, 35th Annual Meeting, Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Baltimore, MD, 1988;#117.
  1. List ND, Hughes CL. Hormones and chronic disease: An epidemiologic model based upon a study of prostate cancer patients and their brothers. Biomedical Advances in Aging ’88, VIIIth International Washington Spring Symposium, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. Presented May 11, 1988.
  1. Hughes CL, Kaldas RS, Weisinger AS, McCants CE, Basham KB. Effects of the Phytoestrogen genistein (G) on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in the ovariectomized rat.  Biol Reprod 1989;40(Suppl 1):166.
  1. Stout AL, Dodson WC, Hughes CL, Steege JF. Relationship of laparoscopic findings to Self-report of pain and sexual changes. 17th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Orlando, FL, April 12-16, 1989.
  1. Stout AL, Dodson WC, Hughes CL, Steege JF. Relationship of laparoscopic findings to The self-report of pelvic pain.  Society for Behavioral Medicine, San Francisco, CA, March 29-April 1, 1989.
  1. Dodson WC, Bachus KE, Hughes CL, Haney AF. Luteal phase gonadal steroid Concentrations in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) during ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG).  Scientific Program and Abstracts, 36th Annual Meeting, Society for Gynecologic Investigation, San Diego, CA, 1989.
  1. Hughes CL, Kaldas RS, Weisinger AS, McCants CE, Basham KB. Effects of the Phytoestrogen genistein (G) on luteinizing hormone, (LH) secretion in the ovariectomized rat.  North Carolina Society for Neuroscience, Neuroscience Day, Duke University, Durham, NC, May 11, 1989.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. Effect of neonatal exposure to DES and o,p-DDT in the rat: GnRH and estradiol-induced LH secretion.  North Carolina Society for Neuroscience, Neuroscience Day, Duke University, Durham, NC, May 16, 1990.
  1. Hughes CL. Monitoring ovarian cycles for assessing reproductive toxicology: Comparison of human and rodent cycles.  The Toxicologist 1991;11:14.
  1. Hughes CL, Wall LL, Creasman WT. Reproductive hormone levels in gynecologic Oncology patients undergoing surgical castration after spontaneous menopause. OB/GYN Digest 1991;5:22-23.
  1. Faber KA, Hughes CL. Dose response characteristics of neonatal exposure to Genistein on pituitary responsiveness to GNRH and volume of the sexually-dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) in post-pubertal castrated female rats. 39th Annual Meeting, Society for Gynecologic Investigation, San Antonio, TX, 1992.
  1. Dodson WC, Olive DL, Hughes CL, Haney AF. The prognostic value of serum Concentrations of progesterone (P), estradiol (E) and luteinizing hormone (LH) during superovulation with and without adjunctive leuprolide therapy. 39th Annual Meeting, Society for Gynecologic Investigation, San Antonio, TX, 1992.
  1. Hughes CL. Female reproductive environmental hazards. Abstract of the Serono Lecture; Pacific Coast Fertility Society Meeting, Indian Wells, CA, April 8-12, 1992.
  1. Levy JR, Faber KA, Ayyash L, Hughes CL. The effect of prenatal exposure to the Phytoestrogen genistein on sexual differentiation and reproductive function in rats.  North Carolina Society for Neuroscience, Neuroscience Day, Duke University, Durham, NC, May 19, 1992.
  1. Levy JR, Faber KA, Ayyash L, Hughes CL. The effect of prenatal exposure to the Phytoestrogen genistein on markers of sexual differentiation in rats.  The Toxicologist 1993;13:188.
  1. Faber KA, Ayyash L, Dixon S, Hughes CL. The effect of neonatal diethylstilbestrol Exposure on volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and pituitary responsiveness to GnRH in female rats of known anogenital distance at birth. 40th Annual Meeting, Society for Gynecologic Investigation, Toronto, Canada, March 31-April 3, 1993.
  1. Hughes CL, Faber KA, Ayyash L, Levy JR, Register B, Bethel MA, Thompson N. Developmental neuroendocrine effects of phytoestrogens and DES and interaction with intrauterine fetal position. 2nd International Conference on Phytoestrogens, Little Rock, AR, October 17-20, 1993.
  1. Hughes CL. What are environmental hormones?  Opening Guest Lecturer.  EPA Colloquium on Environmental Hormones, Washington, D.C., April 11-12, 1994.
  1. Hughes C. Plant estrogens. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13(5):534.
  1. Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Hughes CL. Plant and mammalian estrogen effects on Plasma lipids of female monkeys.  Circulation 1994;90:I-235.
  1. Obasanjo I0, Cline JM, Hughes CL, Adams MR. Effects of estrogens and estrogen antagonists on vaginal cytology of surgically post-menopausal cynomolgus macaques.  Triangle Conference on Reproductive Biology, Research Triangle Park, NC, January 14, 1995.
  1. Hughes C. Dietary phytoestrogens. The Toxicologist 1995;15:253.
  1. Anthony MS, Burke GL, Hughes CL Jr, Clarkson TB. Does soy supplementation

Improve coronary heart disease risk?  Circulation 1995;91:925.

  1. Schildkraut J, Schwingl P, Hughes C. The risk of epithelial ovarian cancer among

Women with polycystic ovarian disease.  Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:S77.

  1. Richardson BF, Hulka BS, David JL, Hughes CL, van den Berg BJ, Christianson RE, Calvin JA. Levels of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein in pregnant women and subsequent breast cancer risk.  Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:Sl5.
  1. Hughes C, Anthony M, Clarkson T. Soy and mammalian estrogen effects on plasma Lipids of female monkeys. 6th Annual Meeting, The North American Menopause Society, San Francisco, CA, September 21-23, 1995.
  1. Hughes CL Jr., Cooper GS. Environmental influences on ovarian ageing. International Symposium on Perimenopause, Serono Symposia USA, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, November 17-20, 1995.
  1. Hughes CL Jr. Hormonal mimicry by archiestrogens and xenoestrogens. The Toxicology of Inflamatory and Reproductive Mediators: 28th Annual Symposium, Society of Toxicology of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, November 30-December 1, 1995.
  1. Hughes C, Tansey G, Cline JM, Lessey B. Estrogenic, anti-estrogenic and non- Estrogenic effects of phytoestrogens in reproductive tissues from female primates.  Third International Conference on Phytoestrogens, Little Rock, AR, December 3-6, 1995.
  1. Clarkson TB, Anthony MS, Hughes C. Pregnant Mare’s Uirne, Soybeans and Postmenopausal Cardiovascular Health.  Third International Conference on Phytoestrogens, Little Rock, AR, December 3-6, 1995.
  1. Tansey G, Hughes CL Jr., Krummer A, Walmer DK. Effects of phytoestrogens on the Uterus in female rats.  Triangle Consortium for Reproductive Biology, Research Triangle Park, NC, January 20, 1996.
  1. Demark-Wahnefried W, Schildkraut J, Hamilton M, Laseter JL, Hughes C. Correlates of Serum organochlorine levels in women undergoing weight loss. 20th Annual Meeting, American Society of Preventive Oncology, Bethesda, MD, March 20-23, 1996.
  1. Hughes C. Plant foods in health promotion and disease prevention: Concepts from Plant-animal interactions and dietary diversity.  The Nutritional and Health Benefits of Plant Foods. 22nd Annual Public Health Nutrition Update Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, March 28, 1996.
  1. Hughes CL Jr. Biology of natural estrogenic substances. 10th Annual Symposium on The Long-Term Effects of Estrogen Deprivation, Santa Fe, NM, July 21-24, 1996.
  1. Cline JM, Clarkson TB, Foth D, Hughes CL Jr. Gynecologic effects of soybean Phytoestrogens. Conference on Biological and Clinical Effects of Soy, Santa Barbara, CA, July 25, 1996.
  1. Davis VL, Cline JM, Tansey G, McCullough B, Hughes CL Jr. The effects of dietary Isoflavones and conjugated equine estrogens on mammary proliferation in ovariectomized rats.  Breast Cancer Symposium of the Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, August 29, 1996.
  1. Hughes C. Phytoestrogens and development in animals: Is there a biological boundary Between concern and comfort regarding developmental effects of exogenous hormonal mimics?  Satellite Symposium, 2nd International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease, Brussels, Belgium, September 19, 1996.
  1. Hughes CL. Dietary phytochemicals as endocrine disrupters. Endocrine Disrupters:

Advances in Measuring and Analyzing Their Effects, Washington, D.C., October 7, 1996.

  1. Hughes CL, Williams JK, Anthony MS, Clarkson TB. Dietary soy phytoestrogens and cardiovascular disease: Evidence from studies in nonhuman primates.  Women and Heart Disease Satellite Symposium to the 8th International Congress on the Menopause, Melbourne, Australia, October 31, 1996.
  1. Hughes CL, Cline JM, Williams JK, Anthony MS, Clarkson TB. Phytoestrogens. 8th

International Congress on the Menopause, Sydney, Australia, November 6, 1996.

  1. Hughes CL. Phytoestrogens as environmental hormones.  Ist Annual NOLA Workshop On Environmental Hormones, Tulane-Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research, New Orleans, LA, December 13, 1996.
  1. Register TC, Cline JM, Hughes C, Adams MR. The classical estrogen receptor (ER-Alpha) and the newly described estrogen receptor-beta are expressed in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues of cynomolgus monkeys.  Triangle Consortium for Reproductive Biology, Chapel Hill, NC, January 25, 1997.
  1. Hughes CL, Burke GL, Cline JM, Williams JK, Anthony MA, Wagner JD, Jayo MJ, Register TC, Clarkson TB. Dietary Soy Phytoestrogens and the Health of Menopausal Women. 1997Leadership Council on Women’s Health. Advanced Care Products, Ortho Pharmaceuticals, Orlando, FL, February 20-22, 1997.
  1. Rodriguez GC, Walmer D, Lessey B, Cline M, Krigman HR, Hughes CL. The effect of contraceptive progestins on the ovarain epithelium: Cancer prevention through apoptosis. J Soc Gynecol Invest 4(Supplement):79A, 1997 [abstract # 004].
  1. Hughes CL, Davis VL, Cline JM. Dietary soy isoflavones antagonize conjugated equine Estrogen-induced proliferation of mammary gland epithelium in ovariectomized female rats. J Soc Gynecol Invest 4(Supplement): 118A, 1997 [abstract #154].
  1. Anthony M, Pan YL, Hughes C, Bullock B, Clarkson TB. Hybrid hamsters as a model for estrogen effects on brain biomarkers. FASEB Journal 11(3): A107, 1997 [abstract #625].
  1. Hughes CL. Phytoestrogens and the health of menopausal women. Abstracts of the 2nd Annual MIRU Spring Conference: Moving Through Menopause. University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. pp 7-9, April 11, 1997.
  1. Pereira ME, Strohecker R, Hughes C, Pearson D, Racz E. IGF-1 and seasonal Adjustments of growth rate and adult fatness in lemurs. [poster abstract] 1997 Animal Behavior Society Meeting, University of Maryland, College Park, MD.
  1. Hughes, C. Endocrine modulation in humans from dietary exposures: the issues. International Life Sciences Institute – North America Conference on Human Diet and Endocrine Modulation: Estrogenic and Androgenic Effects.  Hyatt Fair Lakes; Fairfax, Virginia; pp. 3-4, November 19-21, 1997.
  1. Cline JM, Davis VL, Hughes CL. Dietary soy has dose-dependent agonist/antagonist effects on the mammary glands and uteri of estrogen-treated rats. Triangle Consortium for Reproductive Biology 1998 Conference. Chapel Hill, N.C.; January 24, 1998.
  1. Hubbard S, Thompson S, DuBose A, Tyrey L, Hughes C. Developmental effects of Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and genistein (GEN) on anogenital distance (AGD) and pubertal onset in Long-Evans hooded rats. Triangle Consortium for Reproductive Biology 1998 Conference. Chapel Hill, NC; January 24, 1998.
  1. Hughes C. Phytoestrogens: Realities and myths. The 80th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society. New Orleans, Louisiana; June 24-27, 1998.
  1. Anderson KE, Petitte JN, Carver DK, Rodriguez GC, Hughes CL. Effect of feed restriction and levonorgestrel on apoptosis in the ovarian germinal epithelium of the domestic hen.  Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, August 1-5, 1998.
  1. DeVoto E, Millikan R, Weinberg C, Savitz D, Hughes C, Newman B. Risk of breast cancer Associated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) measured in plasma of women in North Carolina.  Society of Epidemiologic Research Meeting, Chicago, IL; June 24-26, 1998.
  1. Burke GL, Hughes CL, Anthony MS. The potential use of a dietary soy supplement as a postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy.  Am J Clin Nutr 68(#6S):1532S, 1998.
  1. Hughes CL. Diet, Estrogens, Pregnancy and Breast Cancer: A Complex Controversy; What do we know?  AAAS Annual Meeting, January 21-26, 1999.
  1. Petitte JN, Anderson KE, Carver DK, Rodriguez GC, Hughes CL. Apoptosis in the ovarian germinal epithelium of the domestic hen: The effect of feed restriction and levonorgestrel. Triangle Consortium for Reproductive Biology Meeting, January 30, 1999.
  1. Hughes CL, Shively C, Lewis C. Phytoestrogens and development in animals: Is there a biological boundary between concern and comfort regarding developmental effects of exogenous hormonal mimics? Am J Clin Nutr. [abstract] 69:1018, 1999.
  1. Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Hughes C. In utero exposure of the human Fetus to xenobiotic endocrine disrupting chemicals: detection of organochlorine compounds in samples of second trimester human amniotic fluid. Abstract Number P3-357, Program and Abstracts of the 81st Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, June 1999.
  1. Jayo MJ, Register TC, Hughes CL, Blas-Machado U, Sulistiawati E, Louderback RW, Rankin SE. Oral Contraceptives and Androgens: Effects on Bone Mass Acquisition in Female Rats. J Bone Min Res  14: # SU323  [abstract], 1999.  (Presented at the 21st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research in St. Louis MO, Sept 30-Oct 4, 1999.)
  1. Hughes C, Foster W, Platt L, Chan S, Thompson S, Hubbard S, DuBose A, Tyrey L. Midgestation intrauterine exposure of the human fetus to dietary isoflavones in North America: how does this exposure compare to animal studies in late gestation and lactation that alter developmental endpoints? [abstract]. Program pp. 28-29, Third International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease, Oct 31- Nov. 3, 1999, Washington, DC.
  1. Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Hughes C. Detection of Organochlorine Compounds and Phytoestrogens in Second Trimester Human Amniotic Fluid. [abstract]. Neurotoxicology Workshop, IAGLR 2000. Program and Abstracts of the 43rd Conference of the International Association of Great Lakes Researchers 43rd (Year 2000) Conference, May 22-26, 2000, NavCan Centre, Cornwall, Ontario. Page A-45.
  1. Hughes, CL. In Utero Toxicant Exposure and Fetal Development. Presentation and Poster Abstracts: Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. 5th Symposium of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. June 6-8, 2000, pp. 11-12. Sheraton Imperial Hotel, Research Triangle Park, NC.
  1. Liu G, Chen W, Chen J, Han Z, Hughes CL. Effects of Dietary Phytoestrogens on Maternal Hormones and Milk Production by Lactating Rats. Abstract # 1322, page 319, Program & Abstracts of The Endocrine Society’s 82nd Annual Meeting, June 2000.
  1. Liu G, Mathur R, Foster WG, Davis V, Magoffin D, Hughes CL. Metabolic Effects of Dietary Lactose on Female Long-Evans Rats. Abstract # 1609, page 385, Program & Abstracts of The Endocrine Society’s 82nd Annual Meeting, June 2000.
  1. Liu G, Blas-Machado U, Duong Q, Lee H, Foster WG, Davis VL, Magoffin DA, Hughes CL. Long-term Exposure to High Lactose Diet Fails to Induce Ovarian Dysfunction in Long-Evans Rats. Abstract #187. Program for the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction. Biol Reprod 2000; 62 (Suppl 1): 180.
  1. Wade M, Parent S, Foster W, Younglai E, McMahon A, Hughes C. The Effects of Subchronic Exposure to a Complex Mixture of Persistent Contaminants on Physiology of Male Rats: Thyroid Physiology. Abstract of presentation at the HPB Science Forum, 43rd Annual Meeting of the CFBS (2000).
  1. Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Hughes C. Detection of Phytoestrogens in Samples of Second Trimester Human Amniotic Fluid. Abstract submitted (in 05/00) for the 2000 Annual Meeting of the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society, September 13 – 16, 2000, St. Johns, New Foundland, Abstract # P09.
  1. Hale G, Hughes C, Robboy S, Bievre M. A Double-blind Placebo Controlled Study on the Effects of an Isoflavone on the Endometrium. Abstract of poster presentation at the 2000 NAMS Meeting, Sept. 7-9, 2000, Orlando, FL.
  1. Foster W, Chan S, Platt L, Hughes C. Detection of Organochlorine Compounds and Phytoestrogens in Second Trimester Human Amniotic Fluid. Abstract of presentation at the 2001 Meeting of the International Society for Exposure Analysis, Charleston, SC, October 2001.
  1. Davis VL, Villegas M, Shaikh F, Ho A, Foster WG, Hughes CL. The Effects of in Utero and Lactational Exposure to the Soy Isoflavones, Genistein and Daidzein, on Reproductive Development of Male and Female Mice.  Presented at the 49th Annual SGI Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, Abstract #279, 2002 {J Soc Gynecol Invest 9(Supplement): 2002 [abstract # 279]}.
  1. Hughes C, Davis VL, Shaikh F, Villegas M, , Ho A, Foster W. The Effects of In Utero and Lactational Exposure to Genistein or Daidzein on Reproductive Development in FVB/N and on the Occurrence of Mammary Tumors in MMTV-neu Transgenic Mice. Presentation at the Endocrine Disruptors Program Review Workshop, U.S. E.P.A., Research Triangle Park, NC, Oct. 29-31, 2002. Workshop Abstracts, page 27.
  1. Davis V, Jayo M, Hardy M, Ho A, Shaikh F, Lee H, Hughes C. Effects of Black Cohosh on Mammary Tumor Development and Progression in MMTV-neu Transgenic Mice. Proceedings of the AACR: July 2003; 44 (2nd ed.) Abstract #R910.
  1. Davis V, Foster W, Jayo M, Ho A, Shaikh F, Lee H, Hughes C. Influence of Locally Stored DDT Metabolites on Mammary Cancer Development Induced by the neu Proto-oncogene. Proceedings of the AACR: July 2003; 44 (2nd ed.) Abstract #550A.
  1. Davis VL, Cline JM, Shaikh F, Hughes CL. An estrogen receptor variant with dominant negative activity exerts beneficial influences on mammary tumor development in transgenic mice. Abstract #1038. The 26th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, TX, Dec. 3-6, 2003.
  1. Foster W, Wade M, Hughes C, YoungLai E. Developmental exposure to a complex mixture of environmental toxicants interacts with postnatal genistein to induce changes in reproductive development of female Sprague Dawley rats. Abstract #1069. 43rd Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, Baltimore, MD. March 21-25, 2004. The Toxicologist vol. 78, Number 1-S, March 2004.
  1. Hughes C. Can we discern cause-and-effect in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes? Abstract #MS36 page 83; LS06 Final Program and Abstracts, Joint SIAM-SMB Conference on the Life Sciences. Raleigh, NC, USA July 31-August 2, 2006.
  2. Sumner S, Snyder R, Burgess J, Myers C, Tyl R, Hughes C, Sloan C, Fennell T. Metabolomics: Application to reproductive and developmental toxicology. (Poster Abstract #21) Future Research on Endocrine Disruption: Translation of Basic and Animal Research to Understand Human Disease. Durham, NC, USA August 27-29, 2007.
  3. Davis V, Johnson N, Jayo M, Hughes C, Foster W. Localized Exposure to p,p’ DDE accelerates mammary tumor development in MMTV-neu transgenic mice. (Poster Abstract #37) Future Research on Endocrine Disruption: Translation of Basic and Animal Research to Understand Human Disease. Durham, NC, USA August 27-29, 2007.
  4. Burger H, Hale G, Fraser I, Hughes C, Robertson D. Hormonal Changes During The Menopausal Transition: Recent Studies. The 12th World Congress on the Menopause, Madrid, Spain May 19 – May 23, 2008.
  1. Hale GE, Burger HG, Robertson DM, Hughes CL, Fraser IS. Luteal Out-Of-Phase (LOOP) events cause high estradiol, low progesterone, disruptions in ovulation and irregular cycles in the menopausal transition. Abstract #350055. The 19th Annual Meeting of the North American Menopause Society, September 24-27, 2008.
  1. Robertson D, Hale G, Fraser I, Hughes C, Burger H. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels change across the ovulatory menstrual cycle in late reproductive age. (IFFS Meeting abstract). J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol 2010;7(4),260.
  1. Leona Harris L, Hendrix A, Hughes C, Margolskee A, Pastuer D, Selgrade J. 15 MAY 2012. Modeling Hormone Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle. Poster presentation; EPA-NCSU Research Forum, Raleigh, NC May 15, 2012.
  2. Hendrix A, Hughes C, Selgrade J. 2012. Mathematical Modeling of the Role of Androgens in Regulation of the Ovulatory Cycle of Women. Abstract [SUN-49]. ENDO 2012, the 94th Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society. Houston, TX June 23-26, 2012.

Editorials, Positions & Background Papers:

  1. Hughes CL. Undergraduate research participation: A student’s view.  J Chem Ed 1972;49:789.
  1. Hughes CL. [book review] Greep RO, ed. Recent progress in hormone research, Vol.42: Proceedings of the 1985 Laurentian Hormone Conference.  Adolescent Pediatr Gynecol 1988;1:213-214.
  1. Hughes CL. Criteria for Identifying and Listing Substances Known to Cause Reproductive Toxicity Under California’s Proposition 65. Report from the ILSI-NF Expert Committee on Reproductive Toxicity to the California Department of Health Services, June 1989.
  1. Hughes CL. [book review] Sheridan PJ, Blum K, Trachtenbera MC, eds.  Steroid receptors and disease: Cancer, autoimmune, bone and circulatory disorders. Adolescent  Pediatr Gynecol 1989;2:245-246.
  1. Hughes CL. Comments on the Document: Alternative Fuels Research Strategy Workshop Draft ORD/U.S.E.P.A., December 5, 1989.
  1. Hughes CL. Comments on the Document: Draft Guidelines for Identification and Hazard Assessment of Agents Causing Developmental and/or Reproductive Toxicity, for the California Department of Health Services, April 28, 1990.
  1. Hughes CL. [book review] Conn PM, ed. Methods in enzymology: Hormone action and neuroendocrine peptides, Volume 168, Part K. Adolescent Pediatr Gynecol 1990;3:171
  1. Hughes CL. Comments on the Research to Improve Health Risk Assessments Program of the U.S Environmental Protection Agency; Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Section to Dr. Robert Kavlock, November 30, 1990.
  1. Mattison DR, Working PK, Blazak WF, Hughes CL, Killinger JM, Olive DL, Rao KS, Hanson JW, Kochhar DM. In Reply to [When Scientists Become Policy Makers: Shaping Hazard Identification Under Proposition 65 by W. Pease]. Reprod Toxicol 1991; 5:175-178.
  1. Hughes CL. Research to Improve Predictions of Long-Term Chemical Toxicity. Opportunities in Applied Environmental Research and Development.  A workshop report for the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology of the National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1991.  National Academy Press: 129-152.
  1. Hughes CL. Female Reproductive Toxicology: Overview, Anatomy and Physiology. Continuing Education Course #4, Female Reproductive Toxicology. 30th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology 1991:1-32.
  1. Hughes CL. Environmental Factors and Their Impact on Fertility. Resolve National Newsletter. 1991; 16:1-4.
  1. Hughes CL. Developmental Hazards of Drugs Used in Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Post-Graduate Course Syllabus. Pacific Coast Fertility Society Meeting, April 8-12, 1992; 1-21.
  1. NTP Board of Scientific Counselors [C. Hughes, member]. National Toxicology Program (NTP), Final Report of the Advisory Review by the NTP Board of Scientific Counselors; Request for Comments. Federal Register 1992; 57:31721-31730.
  1. Hughes CL. [book review] Scialli AR, Zinaman MJ, eds. Reproductive toxicology and infertility. Fertil Steril 1994; 61:194-195.
  1. Hughes CL. Are the differences between estradiol and other estrogens merely semantical? (Letter to the editor) J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81:2405.
  1. Hughes CL. Man-made chemicals put human health at risk. Editorial, Winston-Salem Journal, January 1, 1997.
  1. Hughes CL. Soy Phytoestrogens: Myths and Realities. Interview, Complementary Medicine For the Physician, Vol.3, Issue 4, May, 1998.
  1. Kronenberg F, Hughes C. Exogenous and Endogenous Estrogens: An Appreciation of Biological Complexity.  Menopause 1999; 6:4-6
  1. Agarwal SK, Hughes CL. Should we use phytoestrogens? ASRM News “In My Opinion” 33(3): 11-13, 1999.
  1. North American Menopause Society. (Panel members; S. Greenwood, S. Barnes, T.B. Clarkson, J. Eden, W.G. Helferich, C. Hughes, M. Messina, KDR Setchell and the NAMS Board of Trustees). The Role of Isoflavones in Menopausal Health: Consensus Opinion of the North American Menopause Society. Menopause 2000; 7:215-229.
  1. Agarwal SK, Hughes CL. Status of Environmental and Dietary Estrogens – Are They Significant Estrogens? Practice Committee Opinion of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine. 6 pages; August 2000.
  2. NTP Final Report from the Endocrine Disruptors Low-Dose Peer Review. National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. “Other Environmental Estrogens and Estradiol” (Chapter 2) Subpanel Members – Michael Gallo, Kenneth Reuhl, Mari Golub, Claude Hughes, Richard Lyttle, Lynne McGrath, & Patricia Whitten (May 14, 2001) The peer review took place in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, on October 10-12, 2000. The final report is available on the NTP web site at http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov or by contacting the NTP Office of Liaison and Scientific Review; 919-541-0530 (phone); 919-541-0295 (fax); liaison@starbase.niehs.nih.gov; 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12233, MD A3-01, Research Triangle Park, NC  27709.
  1. Foster P, Foster W, Hughes C, Kimmel C, Selevan S, Skakkebaek N, Sullivan F, Tabacova J, Toppari J, Ulbrich B. Environmental Health Criteria No. 225: Principles for Evaluating Health Risks to Reproduction Associated with Exposure to Chemicals. A monograph published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals. World Health Organization Geneva, 2001, 141 pages. Http://www.who.int/pcs/pubs/pub_meth.htm
  1. Block K, Constantinou A, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Hughes C, Tripathy D, Tice J. Point-Counterpoint: Soy Intake for Breast Cancer Patients. Integrative Cancer Therapies 2002; 1(1):90-100.
  1. Hughes CL, Messina M. Comment on “Burke GL, Legault C, Anthony M, et al. Soy protein and isoflavone effects on vasomotor symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women: the Soy Estrogen Alternative Study. Menopause 2003; 10:147-153. For NAMS website; May 2003.
  1. vomSaal F, Hughes C. An extensive new literature shows the need for a re-analysis of low-dose effects of BPA. Environ Hlth Perspect 2005; 113:926-933.
  1. vomSaal, FS, Hughes CL. Response to EHP Letter to Editor (8388LET). Environ Hlth Perspect 2006; 114;A16-A17.
  2. NTP-CERHR Expert Panel Report on the Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Hydroxyurea (NTP-CERHR-HYDROXYUREA-07). January 2007. 181 pages. A Report of the CERHR Expert Panel: E. Liebelt, chair, S. Balk, W. Faber, J. Fisher, C. Hughes, S. Lanzkron, K. Lewis, F. Marchetti, H. Mehendale, J. Rogers, A. Shad, R. Skalko and E. Stanek III. Reports can be obtained from the web site (http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov) or from: Michael D. Shelby, Ph.D., NIEHS EC-32, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, 919-541-3455, shelby@niehs.nih.gov.
  3. Metabolic Disorders Steering Committee of the Biomarker Consortium: Prioritized Areas of Unmet Medical Need [D. Applebaum-Bowden, J. Backus, R. Ballard-Barbarash, B. Carlsson, P. Coates, R. Danner, J. Frascella, D. Fryburg, R. Goldstein, D. Gordon, J. Hannah, N. Hariharan, W. Heetderks, S. Heymsfield, C. Hughes, T. Jones, Y. Kim, J. Kochan, M. Mark, R. Myers, J. Newcomer, M. Parks, M. Prince, R. Reinhardt, B. Schneider, R. Sherwin, P. Srinivas, E. Stafford, M. Staten, A. Taylor, D. Vera, K. Ways]. Diabetes 2009; Frontispiece, April Issue.
  4. Foster WG, Hughes CL. Gene Expression in Oogenesis and Implications for Transgenerational Effects of Environmental Toxicants. Biology of Reproduction 84, 2–4 (2011).
  5. Fryburg DA, Vassileva MT for the Atherosclerosis Working Group (AWG) [C. Hughes, member], a subcommittee of the Metabolic Disorders Steering Committee of the FNIH BC. Atherosclerosis Drug Development in Jeopardy: The Need for Predictive Biomarkers of Treatment Response. Sci Transl Med 2011; 3:1-5, 72cm6.
  6. Research Triangle Environmental Health Collaborative [C. Hughes, member]. America’s Healthcare Policy through the Lens of Environmental Health: Recommendations from the Research Triangle Environmental Health Collaborative Summit. 2010; 12 pages. Available from JUN 2011 at www.EnvironmentalHealthCollaborative.org
  1. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. 2012. Advancing Science, Improving Health: A Plan for Environmental Health Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences STRATEGIC PLAN 2012-2017. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NIH Publication No. 12-7935. 28 pages. Claude Hughes included in the Acknowledgment as a participant in the NIEHS strategic plan development process.